Central African Wild Meat Consumption Surges to 1.1 Million Tonnes Annually Driven by Urban Demand

A new study in Nature finds wild meat demand in Central Africa has surged since 2000, threatening wildlife and rural protein security.

By: AXL Media

Published: May 1, 2026, 6:00 AM EDT

Source: Information for this report was sourced from EurekAlert

Rising Urban Appetite Places Unprecedented Pressure on Wildlife

A collaborative study involving the University of Kent and the University of Stirling has produced the first quantitative analysis of wild meat consumption across Central Africa. The research indicates that the total annual biomass of wild meat consumed in the region rose from 0.73 million tonnes in 2000 to an estimated 1.10 million tonnes in 2022. According to lead author Dr. Mattia Bessone, this sharp increase is largely fueled by expanding urban populations rather than rural necessity. The findings highlight a growing tension between biodiversity conservation and the socioeconomic fabric of the region, where wild meat is deeply integrated into daily life.

Critical Nutritional Dependence for Remote Rural Communities

For many rural populations in the Congo Basin, wild meat remains a fundamental pillar of food security. The study found that these sources account for approximately 20 percent of the recommended daily protein intake for individuals in rural areas. However, as the commercial trade of wild meat expands to meet city demand, the scale of hunting is becoming increasingly unsustainable. The researchers emphasize that protecting this resource is essential for rural nutrition. If wildlife populations collapse due to urban overconsumption, remote communities with few other options will face a direct threat to their survival and long-term health.

Barriers to Adopting Domestic Livestock and Meat Alternatives

The study identifies a lack of affordable or safe alternatives as a primary driver of the wild meat trade. In many parts of Central Africa, livestock production is a high-risk venture due to limited access to veterinary medicines and professional care. These challenges make domestic animals susceptible to disease, which can pose additional risks to human health. Furthermore, wild meat often carries a higher perceived value than imported or domestic products, frequently serving as a status symbol in urban centers. This cultural preference, combined with the practical difficulties of animal husbandry, makes transitioning to domestic protein sources a complex logistical hurdle.